{"id":270,"date":"2020-04-04T11:14:31","date_gmt":"2020-04-04T05:14:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/ru\/?p=2298"},"modified":"2020-09-10T17:39:04","modified_gmt":"2020-09-10T11:39:04","slug":"naukometricheskie-pokazateli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/kk\/node\/270","title":{"rendered":"\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><strong>\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong>\u2013 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u04b1\u0439\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u044b\u049b \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3, \u00a0\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0435 \u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b \u00a0\u043c\u0430\u04a3\u044b\u0437\u0434\u044b\u043b\u044b\u0493\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u00a0\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456. \u0411\u04b1\u043b \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u043d \u04b1\u0439\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438-\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0443 \u049b\u044b\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u00a0\u0436\u0430\u0439-\u043a\u04af\u0439\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0493\u044b\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0493\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443 \u04af\u0448\u0456\u043d, \u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b \u04d9\u0440 \u0442\u04af\u0440\u043b\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u00a0 \u0441\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0443 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443 \u04af\u0448\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u00a0\u049b\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong>\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0445\u044b XIX \u0493\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 70-\u0448\u0456 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043d, \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0456\u04a3 \u0435\u043a\u0456 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u0448 \u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b, \u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u2013\u00a01873 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d Shepard&#8217;s Citations \u0437\u0430\u04a3 \u049b\u04b1\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 <strong><strong>1879 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d 2004 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0493\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0456\u043d \u049b\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d Index Medicus \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043d\u0448\u0430 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u04af\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0433\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u04a3\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u04e9\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0445\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0436\u04af\u0439\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456 (\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u043b\u044b\u049b \u049b\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440) \u0431\u0430\u0440:&nbsp;<strong>Web of Science, Scopus, Astrophysics, PubMed, Mathematics, Chemical Abstracts, Springer<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0442.\u0431. \u049a\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0493\u044b \u0445\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0436\u04af\u0439\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u0456\u0448\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0431\u04af\u043a\u0456\u043b \u04d9\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d \u0435\u04a3 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0434\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043f&nbsp;<strong>Web of Science<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435&nbsp;<strong>Scopus&nbsp;<\/strong>\u0436\u04af\u0439\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.&nbsp; \u0411\u04b1\u043b \u0436\u04af\u0439\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u04af\u0440\u0434\u0435 \u049a\u0420 \u0411\u0436\u0492\u041c \u0411\u0456\u043b\u0456\u043c \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0493\u044b \u0431\u0430\u049b\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Web of Science<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 \u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0448\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044b\u049b-\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430<strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong>\u041e\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0445\u044b \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u04e9\u043b\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0456\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u0456\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d \u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0448\u044b \u042e\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043d \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0434 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0448\u044b\u043b\u044b\u0493\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) &nbsp;1964 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0448\u044b\u0493\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043f \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0435\u043d Science Citation Index \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2017 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u044b Clarivate Analytics \u0442\u04d9\u0443\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0456\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0441\u044b ISI \u0434\u04d9\u0441\u0442\u04af\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043d \u0436\u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043f, \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044b\u04a3 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u049b\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b \u0436\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0443\u0493\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456. Web of Science Clarivate Analytics-\u0442\u0456\u04a3 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044b\u049b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u0431\u0456\u0440\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043f \u049b\u0430\u043b\u044b\u043f, \u04d9\u0440\u0456 \u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043c\u0443\u044b\u043d \u0436\u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Web of Science Core Collection-\u0433\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Science Citation Index Expanded, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 1975 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/li><li>Social Sciences Citation Index, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 1975 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/li><li>Arts &#038; Humanities Citation Index, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 1975 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/li><li>Emerging Sources Citation Index, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 2015 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/li><li>Conference Proceedings Citation Index, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 1990 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/li><li>Book Citation Index, \u043c\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b 2005 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043f.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"100\" src=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science3.jpg 554w, https:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science3-300x54.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u041e\u0440\u044b\u0441 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0456 \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044b\u049b&nbsp;\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044b<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/info.clarivate.com\/rcis\">http:\/\/info.clarivate.com\/rcis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041c\u04b1\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0456\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440 Clarivate Analitics \u04e9\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0493\u044b\u0440\u0430\u049b \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u043b\u044b\u043f, Web of Science \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0436\u04b1\u043c\u044b\u0441 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0456 \u04af\u0439\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0430\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0456\u043f, \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u049b\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0442\u044b \u0431\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u0414 Web of science-\u049b\u0430 (<a href=\"https:\/\/apps.webofknowledge.com\/\">https:\/\/apps.webofknowledge.com<\/a>) \u04b1\u043b\u0442\u0442\u044b\u049b \u0436\u0430\u0437\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0431\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043d\u0448\u0430 \u04d9\u043b-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0493\u044b \u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b \u04b1\u043b\u0442\u0442\u044b\u049b \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u0430\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0493\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u04d9\u043b-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u043a\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u049b\u043e\u043b \u0436\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0433\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b. \u0411\u04b1\u043b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u043c\u04af\u043c\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0456\u0437\u0434\u0456\u04a3&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/ru\/node\/1456\">\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0442\u0430\u043d<\/a>&nbsp;\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0437.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Scopus \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u049b\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0431\u0456\u0437\u0434\u0456\u04a3 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0442\u0430\u043d<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/ru\/node\/1466\">http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/ru\/node\/1466<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\u0441\u0456\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043d\u0448\u0430 \u04e9\u0442\u0456\u043f, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b\u0493\u044b\u0440\u0430\u049b \u0431\u0456\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 \u00a0\u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u0456\u0448\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d \u0442\u0456\u0437\u0456\u043c\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043b\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0456 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f, \u0431\u04b1\u043b \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0456\u04a3 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043d \u04b1\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0442\u0456\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a \u049b\u043e\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0411\u0456\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0435<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u049b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0437\u0433\u0456<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u0430\u043d\u044b\u049b\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043c\u0430\u0439, \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u04d8\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043d\u0430\u049b\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456\u043d \u0435\u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u04d9\u043b\u043c\u0435-\u0434\u04d9\u043b (\u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u04e9\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0456) \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435 \u0436\u04af\u0437\u0435\u0433\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u049b\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043e\u043b \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u04d9\u0440\u0442\u04af\u0440\u043b\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0493\u0430 \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u04d9\u0440 \u0442\u04af\u0440\u043b\u0456 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0443\u044b \u043c\u04af\u043c\u043a\u0456\u043d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p><strong><strong>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0437 \u043d\u0435?<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0492\u0430\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440 \u0434\u0435\u04a3\u0433\u0435\u0439\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0493\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0435\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0442\u044b \u0442\u04d9\u0441\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0440. \u0411\u0456\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456\u0441\u0456 \u2013 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456\u0441\u0456 \u2013 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b 1960 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0493\u044b (\u0410\u049a\u0428) \u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 (Institute of Scientific Information, ISI) &nbsp;\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0437\u0456\u043d \u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0448\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u042e\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043d \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0434 \u04b1\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0434\u044b. \u0411\u04b1\u043b \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0493\u044b \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0441\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0456.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2302\" width=\"354\" height=\"235\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u0435\u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0456: \u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u043d\u0493\u044b \u0435\u043a\u0456 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430 \u0448\u044b\u049b\u049b\u0430\u043d \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043d \u0435\u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0456\u043a \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u044b\u043d\u0493\u0430\u043d \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043d \u043e\u0441\u044b \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043f\u044b \u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u04e9\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0456. \u0411\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u0448\u044b\u0493\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d \u043d\u04e9\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0493\u04b1\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0430\u0439\u044b\u043d, \u0441\u043e\u0493\u04b1\u0440\u043b\u044b\u043c \u04d9\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u0436\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0443\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u04af\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u043a\u04e9\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u2013 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u043c\u0430\u04a3\u044b\u0437\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0441\u044b. \u041e\u043d\u044b \u0436\u044b\u043b \u0441\u0430\u0439\u044b\u043d \u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u049b\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u044b (ISI) \u0435\u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043f \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u044b. \u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0435\u04a3\u0434\u0435 (\u04d9\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0442\u0435 3 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430) \u043e\u0441\u044b \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0456\u043b\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0493\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u049b\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u04a3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2303\" width=\"248\" height=\"240\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d \u0436\u04b1\u043c\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u04e9\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437\u0433\u0435 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0456\u043b\u0443\u0456 \u0430\u0440\u049b\u044b\u043b\u044b, \u044f\u0493\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u0493\u044b \u0430\u0440\u049b\u044b\u043b\u044b \u0441\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0434\u0456.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u044b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043d \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d;<\/li><li>\u0441\u044b\u043d-\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d;<\/li><li>\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043d;<\/li><li>\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043d;<\/li><li>\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b\u049b\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d&nbsp;<strong>\u049b\u04b1\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0442-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b \u0430\u043d\u044b\u049b\u0442\u0430\u0443 \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0431\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043f\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0456;<\/li><li>\u0442\u0430\u043b\u049b\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440;<\/li><li>\u0442\u04af\u0441\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0440;<\/li><li>\u0436\u04b1\u043c\u044b\u0441\u0442\u044b\u049b \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0440;<\/li><li>\u043a\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0448\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b;<\/li><li>\u0436\u0430\u04a3\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u0442\u0430\u0440;<\/li><li>\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440 (\u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u049b\u0430\u0441\u044b)&nbsp;<strong>\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043b\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0456.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 (\u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u0430\u043b\u0443\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0438\u044b\u043d\u0442\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0456, \u0425\u0438\u0440\u0448 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456, \u0442.\u0431.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0430\u0437\u0493\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0430\u049b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0441\u049b\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u04b1\u043c\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u049b\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437\u0433\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044b\u043d\u0493\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043d \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0434\u0456.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 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\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u00a0\u049b\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u00a0\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0445\u044b XIX \u0493\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 70-\u0448\u0456 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043d, \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0456\u04a3 \u0435\u043a\u0456 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u0448 \u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-for-academics","category-1"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\r\n<title>\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/kk\/node\/270\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u00a0\u2013 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u04b1\u0439\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u044b\u049b \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3, \u00a0\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0435 \u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b \u00a0\u043c\u0430\u04a3\u044b\u0437\u0434\u044b\u043b\u044b\u0493\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u00a0\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456. \u0411\u04b1\u043b \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u043d \u04b1\u0439\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438-\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0443 \u049b\u044b\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3 \u00a0\u0436\u0430\u0439-\u043a\u04af\u0439\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0493\u044b\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0493\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443 \u04af\u0448\u0456\u043d, \u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b \u04d9\u0440 \u0442\u04af\u0440\u043b\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u00a0 \u0441\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0443 \u0436\u04d9\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0443 \u04af\u0448\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b. \u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b\u00a0\u049b\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u00a0\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0445\u044b XIX \u0493\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 70-\u0448\u0456 \u0436\u044b\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043d, \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u04d9\u0439\u0435\u043a\u0441\u04e9\u0437 \u043a\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0456\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0456\u04a3 \u0435\u043a\u0456 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456 \u0430\u043b\u0493\u0430\u0448 \u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0493\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b, [&hellip;]\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/kk\/node\/270\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u044c-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438 | \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u044c-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/library.alfarabi\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-04-04T05:14:31+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-09-10T11:39:04+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/elibrary.kaznu.kz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/science3.jpg\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u04d8\u043b-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u043a\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0456\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u04d8\u043b-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u043a\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044b\u043d\u044b\u04a3 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0456\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"23 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\" \/>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u044c-\u0424\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438","og_description":"\u0492\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b\u049b \u043a\u04e9\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440\u00a0\u2013 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u04b1\u0439\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u044b\u049b \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0456\u04a3, \u00a0\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0434\u044b\u04a3 \u0493\u044b\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0435 \u049b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u0436\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044b 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